A is for always getting to work on time.

　　B is for being extremely busy.

　　C is for the conscientious way you do your job.

　　You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.

　　Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics — a better job, a raise, praise — many people are still unable or unwilling — to “play the game”.

　　“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying, to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”

　　In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment — not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.

　　“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.”

　　Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.

　　Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.

　　126. What is the meaning of “play the game” in paragraph 5?

　　A. Play computer games in office.

　　B. Play office politics.

　　C. Play office games.

　　D. All of above.

　　127. Why are many people still unable or unwilling to “play the game”?

　　A. Because they think the game is manipulative.

　　B. Because they think the office politics is manipulative.

　　C. Because they think the office politics is difficult.

　　D. Because they think the game is difficult.

　　128. Which one below is Deborah Comer’s opinion?

　　A. Office politics involves manipulative behavior.

　　B. Office politics is a game.

　　C. Office politics can mean something good.

　　D. It’s human nature that a manager promotes the person he or she likes best.

　　129. How do experts define office politics today?

　　A. A game.

　　B. Manipulative behavior.

　　C. A way used to pursue one’s own self-interest.

　　D. Proper behavior.

　　130. Which one is correct according to the passage?

　　A. Office politics does not involve many social interactions.

　　B. The first thing people are usually judged on is their preference.

　　C. Office politics is unnecessary.

　　D. Neil P. Lewis advocates office politics.

　　126.【答案】B。解析：语义理解题。根据关键词play the game回到文章第五段最后一句话despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics — a better job, a raise, praise — many people are still unable or unwilling — to “play the game”. 尽管参与office politics有很多奖励，但仍然有很多人不愿意“玩这个游戏”。由此可以推断出，the game指的是office politics。故答案选B。

　　127.【答案】B。解析：细节题。根据关键词people still unable or unwilling to “play the game”定位到文章第五段最后一句话despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics — a better job, a raise, praise — many people are still unable or unwilling — to “play the game”. 该句讲到人们不愿意玩这个游戏。接着第六段给出了原因，即People assume that office politics involves some manipulative behavior. “人们认为职场政治涉及一些工于心计的行为”，所以人们不愿参与职场政治，由此可知B项符合文意。故答案选B。

　　128.【答案】C。解析：观点题。根据关键词Deborah Comer定位到文章第六段。该句首句谈到People assume that office politics involves some manipulative behavior. 由此可知A项是人们的观点，不是Deborah Comer的观点，故排除;该段最后三句讲到But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying, to please your superior, and then expecting something in return. politics源于polite这个词，它可能意味着游说和联盟，也可以体现友好和帮助，由此可见，Deborah Comer认为office politics是可以带来益处的，所以C正确;B项在文中没有体现;D项是Neil P. Lewis的观点，排除。故本题答案选C。

　　129.【答案】D。解析：细节题。根据题干关键词experts和office politics定位到倒数第四段的第一句话In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. 事实上，如今专家们将职场政治定义为在工作场所追求个人利益的适当行为。used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace是定语用来修饰proper behavior，作者真正想表达的是office politics is proper behavior，故D最符合题意。C项缺少地点状语in the workplace。

　　130.【答案】D。解析：细节题。根据倒数第三段“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.” 作为管理心理学家的Neil P. Lewis说，评判的第一标准通常是个人的能力，但是如果两三个候选人在能力旗鼓相当的情况下，经理通常倾向于提拔自己最喜欢的那个人，这是人的本性。由此可以判断，Neil P. Lewis认同职场政治。故正确答案为D。根据倒数第四段最后“In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment…” 可知A项错误;根据倒数第三段可知评判的第一标准通常是个人的能力，所以B错误;因为现在的专家们将职场政治定义为适当行为，并且Deborah Comer和Neil P. Lewis都表现出了支持的倾向，所以C项错误。

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